19 Series · SOC 19-3011
Economists Salary
National pay, percentile range, growth outlook, and state-by-state detail from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics OEWS survey (May 2025).
- $124,720
- Median / year
- +8%
- 2024→2025
- $238,060
- Top 10% earn
- +1.2%
- Growth '24–'34
- 17,790
- Estimated US jobs
Economists earn a median of $124,720 per year.
According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics OEWS survey, the median annual wage is $124,720, based on the most recent survey of employers. Reported pay ranges from $67,360 (10th percentile) to $238,060 (90th percentile) nationally, across roughly 17,790 estimated jobs in covered establishments. The highest published state median in this ranking is District of Columbia ($167,590).
The pay verdict
Economists earn a median of $124,720, putting them among the better-paid US occupations and higher than 91% of the 825 occupations with a published BLS median. Within Life, Physical, and Social Science, it ranks #6 of 48 by median pay. Employment is projected to grow 1.2% by 2034.
- $124,720
- Median annual wage
- Top 9%
- of 825 US occupations with published wages
- #6 of 48
- in Life, Physical, and Social Science
- 3.5×
- 90th-to-10th pay spread
Highest-paying state: District of Columbia at $167,590. Typical entry-level education: Master's degree.
Observed pay change
What changed, BLS OEWS 2019–2025
- The published national median for Economists moved from $105,020 in May 2019 to $124,720 in May 2025 (+18.8%).
- Across the 749 occupations priced in both releases under SOC-2018, the median occupation changed +24.5%.
- Economists sits -5.7 pp behind that median, nominal dollars, no price deflator applied.
Economists (SOC 19-3011) has a national median of $124,720 per year in the BLS Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics May 2025 release. The published 10th-to-90th-percentile boundaries run from $67,360 to $238,060, and the published mean is $142,130. Those summary statistics describe the estimated distribution; their difference alone does not identify its cause. OEWS estimates 17,790 jobs in covered establishments nationally. WageDex has published rows for 41 state or territory areas and 65 metropolitan or nonmetropolitan wage areas. The published national median moved from $115,440 in the May 2024 OEWS release to $124,720 in May 2025, a rise of $9,280 (+8%). This is a change between two BLS survey estimates, not an inflation-adjusted same-worker pay raise.
BLS Employment Projections forecast a +1.2% change in employment from 2024 to 2034, which we classify as about as fast as average relative to the all-occupations baseline of 3.1%. About 900 openings are projected per year from growth, occupational transfers, and labor-force exits. BLS assigns Master's degree as typical education needed for entry. BLS does not publish a separate occupation-specific fatality and injury rate for this role in the current release. The safety panel below shows its broad Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations SOC-group context and is not an occupation-level measurement or ranking.
Geographic variation matters as much as the headline median. District of Columbia pays the highest state median at $167,590, which is +34% above the national figure. The highest published metropolitan-area median in this ranking is New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ at $176,090. The observed difference does not identify its cause. Pair the national median with the state and metropolitan-area rows below while keeping the geography and statistic consistent. OEWS includes tips, commissions, incentive pay, and production bonuses, but not employer benefits, overtime premiums, stock compensation, or nonproduction bonuses. See our methodology for the sourcing and calculation details.
Median Salary
$124,720
per year
Median Hourly
$59.96/hr
per hour
Mean Salary
$142,130
average
Employment
17,790
jobs nationwide
How does this pay compare nationally?
Where Economists pay sits nationally
Median annual wage vs. 825 detailed BLS occupations with a published median
$124,720 Top 9% higher than 91% of 825 US occupations
Each bar is a $20K-wide band; taller bars hold more US occupations. The dashed line + filled bar mark this entry. Hover or tap any bar for its full count, share, and where it sits relative to this entry.
Read the chart as text · as of May 2025
| Band | Count | Share |
|---|---|---|
| $0–$20,000 | 0 US occupations | 0% |
| $20,000–$40,000 | 98 US occupations | 12% |
| $40,000–$60,000 | 298 US occupations | 36% |
| $60,000–$80,000 | 209 US occupations | 25% |
| $80,000–$100,000 | 82 US occupations | 10% |
| $100,000–$120,000 | 58 US occupations | 7% |
| $120,000–$140,000 (this entry) | 32 US occupations | 4% |
| $140,000–$160,000 | 14 US occupations | 2% |
| $160,000–$180,000 | 9 US occupations | 1% |
| $180,000 and above | 25 US occupations | 3% |
$124,720 · 91st percentile of 825 US occupations
Source U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, OEWS · May 2025
Does this job pay well and grow?
Each dot is a 19-series occupation, placed by projected 2024–2034 growth and median pay. The highlighted dot is Economists; the upper-right quadrant is the sweet spot (high pay + fast growth).
Read the chart as text
- Medical Scientists, …: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 8.7%, Median annual wage $103410
- Occupational Health …: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 12.5%, Median annual wage $90150
- Environmental Scient…: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 4.4%, Median annual wage $82220
- Chemists: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 4.9%, Median annual wage $91240
- Clinical and Counsel…: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 11.2%, Median annual wage $100580
- Life, Physical, and …: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 3.5%, Median annual wage $62280
- Biological Technicians: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 3.5%, Median annual wage $57510
- School Psychologists: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 0.7%, Median annual wage $95990
- Chemical Technicians: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 3.7%, Median annual wage $60390
- Biological Scientist…: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 1.2%, Median annual wage $98920
- Urban and Regional P…: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 3.4%, Median annual wage $89320
- Social Scientists an…: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) -1.7%, Median annual wage $101110
- Environmental Scienc…: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 4%, Median annual wage $55090
- Biochemists and Biop…: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 5.8%, Median annual wage $127410
- Social Science Resea…: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 4.4%, Median annual wage $61990
- Occupational Health …: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 8.5%, Median annual wage $61560
- Forest and Conservat…: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) -3.2%, Median annual wage $54560
- Conservation Scienti…: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 3.4%, Median annual wage $73010
- Geoscientists, Excep…: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 3.2%, Median annual wage $101920
- Physical Scientists,…: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 0.6%, Median annual wage $122570
- Physicists: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 4%, Median annual wage $172250
- Forensic Science Tec…: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 12.8%, Median annual wage $72060
- Microbiologists: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 4.1%, Median annual wage $87990
- Psychologists, All O…: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 4.3%, Median annual wage $110840
- Economists: Projected growth 2024–2034 (%) 1.2%, Median annual wage $124720
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, OEWS (wages, May 2025) and Employment Projections (2024–2034).
Job Outlook (2024–2034)
Projected Growth
+1.2%
About as fast as average
Annual Openings
900
per year (projected)
Employment Change
+200
17,600 (2024) → 17,800 (2034)
Typical Education
Master's degree
Source: BLS Employment Projections, 2024–2034
Workplace Safety
All safety ratings →Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations context
Broad SOC context, not an occupation grade
Fatality Rate
1.5/100K
Injury Rate
0.7/100
Danger Index
3.6/100
Source: BLS Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI) & Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses (SOII), 2023
Career Intelligence
Skills, knowledge, and tasks most important for Economists roles, ranked by importance. Source: O*NET.
Top Skills
Knowledge Areas
Key Tasks
- ▸ Study economic and statistical data in area of specialization, such as finance, labor, or agriculture.
- ▸ Compile, analyze, and report data to explain economic phenomena and forecast market trends, applying mathematical models and statistical techniques.
- ▸ Study the socioeconomic impacts of new public policies, such as proposed legislation, taxes, services, and regulations.
- ▸ Explain economic impact of policies to the public.
- ▸ Review documents written by others.
- ▸ Provide advice and consultation on economic relationships to businesses, public and private agencies, and other employers.
- ▸ Formulate recommendations, policies, or plans to solve economic problems or to interpret markets.
- ▸ Supervise research projects and students' study projects.
- ▸ Conduct research on economic issues, and disseminate research findings through technical reports or scientific articles in journals.
- ▸ Develop economic guidelines and standards, and prepare points of view used in forecasting trends and formulating economic policy.
Source: O*NET Online, National Center for O*NET Development. Data represents typical importance ratings for this occupation.
Salary Range
Annual Salary Distribution
Hourly Rate Distribution
Economists pay history, 2015–2025
Published national median across 11 BLS OEWS releases. Nominal dollars, not inflation-adjusted.
Read the chart as text
| Period | National median |
|---|---|
| 2015 | $99,180 |
| 2016 | $101,050 |
| 2017 | $102,490 |
| 2018 | $104,340 |
| 2019 | $105,020 |
| 2020 | $108,350 |
| 2021 | $105,630 |
| 2022 | $113,940 |
| 2023 | $115,730 |
| 2024 | $115,440 |
| 2025 | $124,720 |
2015 median
$99,180
2025 median
$124,720
2019–2025 change (same SOC)
+$19,700 (+18.8%)
Avg/year (same SOC)
+2.9%
| Release | Median | Change | Estimated jobs |
|---|---|---|---|
| May 2015 | $99,180 | First banked release | 19,090 |
| May 2016 | $101,050 | +1.9% | 19,380 |
| May 2017 | $102,490 | +1.4% | 19,550 |
| May 2018 | $104,340 | +1.8% | 18,650 |
| May 2019 | $105,020 | Classification break | 19,000 |
| May 2020 | $108,350 | +3.2% | 17,520 |
| May 2021 | $105,630 | -2.5% | 15,640 |
| May 2022 | $113,940 | +7.9% | 16,370 |
| May 2023 | $115,730 | +1.6% | 16,420 |
| May 2024 | $115,440 | -0.3% | 15,880 |
| May 2025 | $124,720 | +8.0% | 17,790 |
Across the 11 releases WageDex holds for this occupation, the published national median went from $99,180 in May 2015 to $124,720 in May 2025. Within the SOC-2018 classification (2019–2025), the like-for-like change averages +2.9% per year in nominal terms. Within the same SOC classification, estimated employment went from 19,000 in May 2019 to 17,790 in May 2025.
Each figure is a separate BLS survey estimate, so a change between releases reflects the estimated occupation-wide median in each year. It is not the raise any individual worker received, and it is not adjusted for inflation. Years where BLS did not publish an annual median for this occupation are omitted rather than filled in. This span also crosses a classification change: releases before May 2019 use the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification and later releases use the 2018 SOC, so figures either side of that boundary are not strictly like-for-like. Headline change rates on this page use only the same-classification subset.
Salary by State
Highest Paying States
View all 41 states →
| # | State | Median Salary | vs National |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | District of Columbia | $167,590 | +34% above national |
| 2 | New Jersey | $167,550 | +34% above national |
| 3 | Delaware | $159,120 | +28% above national |
| 4 | Maryland | $144,680 | +16% above national |
| 5 | Kansas | $138,790 | +11% above national |
| 6 | Virginia | $137,590 | +10% above national |
| 7 | New York | $136,660 | +10% above national |
| 8 | North Carolina | $136,150 | +9% above national |
| 9 | Idaho | $131,270 | +5% above national |
| 10 | Alabama | $129,960 | +4% above national |
| 11 | Georgia | $122,570 | 2% below national |
| 12 | Oregon | $122,120 | 2% below national |
| 13 | Texas | $121,420 | 3% below national |
| 14 | Colorado | $121,410 | 3% below national |
| 15 | Ohio | $120,000 | 4% below national |
| 16 | California | $119,410 | 4% below national |
| 17 | Tennessee | $117,650 | 6% below national |
| 18 | Missouri | $117,010 | 6% below national |
| 19 | Pennsylvania | $115,000 | 8% below national |
| 20 | Alaska | $111,040 | 11% below national |
| 21 | Washington | $109,300 | 12% below national |
| 22 | Massachusetts | $106,380 | 15% below national |
| 23 | Michigan | $106,350 | 15% below national |
| 24 | Minnesota | $105,120 | 16% below national |
| 25 | Florida | $102,430 | 18% below national |
| 26 | Connecticut | $101,400 | 19% below national |
| 27 | Iowa | $96,310 | 23% below national |
| 28 | Arkansas | $91,560 | 27% below national |
| 29 | Maine | $91,480 | 27% below national |
| 30 | Nevada | $91,340 | 27% below national |
| 31 | Oklahoma | $89,980 | 28% below national |
| 32 | Montana | $89,340 | 28% below national |
| 33 | New Hampshire | $86,130 | 31% below national |
| 34 | Wisconsin | $84,000 | 33% below national |
| 35 | Hawaii | $83,050 | 33% below national |
| 36 | Indiana | $80,750 | 35% below national |
| 37 | Arizona | $79,610 | 36% below national |
| 38 | Nebraska | $75,880 | 39% below national |
| 39 | Louisiana | $73,050 | 41% below national |
| 40 | Kentucky | $71,400 | 43% below national |
| 41 | Puerto Rico | $70,750 | 43% below national |
Salary by Metro Area
Highest Paying Metros
View all 62 metro areas →
| # | Metro Area | Median Salary | vs National |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ | $176,090 | +41% above national |
| 2 | Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV | $156,750 | +26% above national |
| 3 | Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD | $152,730 | +22% above national |
| 4 | Durham-Chapel Hill, NC | $152,130 | +22% above national |
| 5 | Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA | $151,510 | +21% above national |
| 6 | San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA | $142,400 | +14% above national |
| 7 | Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD | $139,530 | +12% above national |
| 8 | Indianapolis-Carmel-Greenwood, IN | $138,260 | +11% above national |
| 9 | Jacksonville, FL | $136,990 | +10% above national |
| 10 | St. Louis, MO-IL | $132,630 | +6% above national |
| 11 | Ann Arbor, MI | $128,960 | +3% above national |
| 12 | Kansas City, MO-KS | $128,520 | +3% above national |
| 13 | Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA | $126,420 | +1% above national |
| 14 | Phoenix-Mesa-Chandler, AZ | $125,160 | same as national |
| 15 | Salem, OR | $124,190 | same as national |
| 16 | Pittsburgh, PA | $122,980 | 1% below national |
| 17 | San Diego-Chula Vista-Carlsbad, CA | $122,750 | 2% below national |
| 18 | Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA | $122,570 | 2% below national |
| 19 | Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX | $122,170 | 2% below national |
| 20 | Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA | $122,120 | 2% below national |
| 21 | Denver-Aurora-Centennial, CO | $121,410 | 3% below national |
| 22 | Fort Collins-Loveland, CO | $121,410 | 3% below national |
| 23 | Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN | $120,740 | 3% below national |
| 24 | Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL | $118,030 | 5% below national |
| 25 | Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA | $117,920 | 5% below national |
| 26 | Charlotte-Concord-Gastonia, NC-SC | $117,600 | 6% below national |
| 27 | Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin, TN | $116,990 | 6% below national |
| 28 | Richmond, VA | $112,330 | 10% below national |
| 29 | Anchorage, AK | $109,480 | 12% below national |
| 30 | Oklahoma City, OK | $108,620 | 13% below national |
| 31 | Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA-NH | $108,140 | 13% below national |
| 32 | Boulder, CO | $107,870 | 14% below national |
| 33 | San Antonio-New Braunfels, TX | $107,450 | 14% below national |
| 34 | Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI | $107,030 | 14% below national |
| 35 | Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI | $106,350 | 15% below national |
| 36 | Cleveland, OH | $105,340 | 16% below national |
| 37 | Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL | $103,690 | 17% below national |
| 38 | Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, VA-NC | $103,600 | 17% below national |
| 39 | Olympia-Lacey-Tumwater, WA | $103,000 | 17% below national |
| 40 | Orlando-Kissimmee-Sanford, FL | $102,430 | 18% below national |
| 41 | Sacramento-Roseville-Folsom, CA | $100,410 | 19% below national |
| 42 | Worcester, MA | $99,990 | 20% below national |
| 43 | Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY | $99,200 | 20% below national |
| 44 | Albuquerque, NM | $96,870 | 22% below national |
| 45 | Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT | $96,720 | 22% below national |
| 46 | Des Moines-West Des Moines, IA | $96,310 | 23% below national |
| 47 | Raleigh-Cary, NC | $96,030 | 23% below national |
| 48 | Amherst Town-Northampton, MA | $94,030 | 25% below national |
| 49 | Las Vegas-Henderson-North Las Vegas, NV | $93,830 | 25% below national |
| 50 | Helena, MT | $89,340 | 28% below national |
| 51 | Madison, WI | $88,770 | 29% below national |
| 52 | Lansing-East Lansing, MI | $88,320 | 29% below national |
| 53 | Austin-Round Rock-San Marcos, TX | $87,350 | 30% below national |
| 54 | Little Rock-North Little Rock-Conway, AR | $85,000 | 32% below national |
| 55 | Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA | $80,010 | 36% below national |
| 56 | Tucson, AZ | $79,610 | 36% below national |
| 57 | Milwaukee-Waukesha, WI | $76,900 | 38% below national |
| 58 | New Orleans-Metairie, LA | $75,510 | 39% below national |
| 59 | Baton Rouge, LA | $74,580 | 40% below national |
| 60 | San Juan-Bayamon-Caguas, PR | $70,750 | 43% below national |
| 61 | Tallahassee, FL | $70,430 | 44% below national |
| 62 | Lincoln, NE | $70,400 | 44% below national |
Same SOC major group
Other detailed occupations in SOC major group 19 (Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations) - category peers, not a pay match.
Agricultural Technicians
SOC 19-4012
Animal Scientists
SOC 19-1011
Anthropologists and Archeologists
SOC 19-3091
Astronomers
SOC 19-2011
Atmospheric and Space Scientists
SOC 19-2021
Showing 5 of 47 detailed occupations BLS assigns to this SOC major group.
Nationwide occupations with similar pay or employment scale
Two OEWS peer sets outside this SOC major group (Life, Physical, and Social Science Occupations). Same-category cards above stay inside the group; these neighborhoods are cross-group nearest neighbors on national median pay ($124,720 here) and reported employment (17,790 jobs here).
Similar median pay
Nearest other detailed occupations by BLS OEWS national median annual wage.
Similar employment scale
Nearest headcount peers (floor 1,000 national jobs), distinct from the pay column.
Peers are nearest-neighbor matches on BLS OEWS national median annual wage and reported employment. Employment peers exclude occupations already listed in the pay column so the two link sets stay distinct.
Frequently Asked Questions
How much do Economists make? ▼
Where does Economists pay rank nationally? ▼
What state pays Economists the most? ▼
What education do Economists need? ▼
Does BLS publish a safety rate for Economists? ▼
Is Economists a good career? ▼
How does Economists pay vary by state? ▼
Which metro areas pay the most for Economists? ▼
What to do with this data
How to use Economists pay figures in a real decision
- The 75th-percentile wage is about $174,720/year. Treat it as the upper-quartile market boundary, not an automatic target for experience alone; role scope, location, industry, credentials, performance, and employer context still need separate evidence. Salary calculator
- Location moves pay significantly: District of Columbia leads at $167,590/year for this role. Weigh state pay against local cost of living before relocating or negotiating remote. Pay by state
- Compare this occupation against similar roles before you decide, so you are reading the pay band in context rather than in isolation. Compare jobs
These are BLS survey estimates for the occupation, not a salary offer or a prediction for any individual. Your pay depends on experience, employer, exact role, and location.
Source data and WageDex calculations are identified in context on this page. Occupation wages use BLS OEWS May 2025; outlook uses BLS Employment Projections for 2024–2034; safety, skills, knowledge, and task panels identify their BLS or O*NET sources in context. See our editorial standards & corrections policy, the methodology behind these numbers, or report a data error.
This page is for informational purposes only and does not constitute financial or career advice. Actual pay for a specific role, employer, or offer may differ from these national/state figures, consult a qualified career counselor, recruiter, or financial advisor before making decisions based on this data.